The Russian Pacific Fleet recently carried out a missile test in the vicinity of the disputed Kuril Islands, a region claimed by Japan as part of its Northern Territories. This military exercise, which took place on August 20, involved the launch of missiles from a nuclear submarine, a guided missile cruiser, and coastal defense systems around the South Kuril Islands.

According to reports from Bloomberg, the missiles successfully struck targets over 300 kilometers away. However, the exact timing and location of the exercise were not disclosed. Russia has been enhancing its military presence in the Kuril Islands, having deployed Bastion coastal defense systems on Iturup Island (known as Etorofu in Japan) since 2016.

In response to the missile test, Japanese Foreign Minister Toshimitsu Motegi expressed strong disapproval, stating that Russia's military buildup on the four islands contradicts Japan's position and is unacceptable. The Kuril Islands have been a point of contention since the Soviet Union took control of them at the end of World War II. Japan continues to assert its claim over the four southernmost islands, which it refers to as the Northern Territories.

Adding to the tension, Russian President Vladimir Putin recently visited Iturup Island, marking his first trip to the area. This visit drew criticism from Tokyo, especially as Japan has aligned itself with Western nations in support of Ukraine amid its conflict with Russia. Japan has imposed sanctions on Moscow and provided non-lethal aid to Ukraine, including body armor and transport vehicles.

Putin has indicated that Japan's recent stance towards Russia has shifted, labeling Russia as a significant threat in new security documents. He also criticized Japan's sanctions, asserting that while Russia's control over the Kuril Islands is recognized in international documents, Moscow remains open to seeking a peaceful resolution through a treaty with Japan.

Former Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe had previously attempted to negotiate an agreement with Russia that would see the return of two of the islands to Japan. However, since then, prospects for dialogue have remained bleak. Current Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi has not engaged in talks with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy, leading to speculation that she may seek to restart negotiations with Russia regarding the disputed islands.